29 Vergil’s Dido (Vergil, Aeneid 4.331–396, 585-629)

Vergil’s Aeneid is the essential Roman poem. An instant success when it was published after Vergil’s death in 19 BCE (he wanted it burned), it became the foundation of Roman education and literary culture. 

For this work, the text can be found on-line in the following pages. For vocabulary, you should make your lists using The Bridge (being careful to exclude the core vocabulary that you already know).

 

Vergil holding a volume on which is written the Aeneid. On either side stand two muses. mosaic. Hadrumetum (Sousse in tunisia). third CE. now in the Bardo Museum in Tunis, Tunisia.

Dīxerat. Ille Iovis monitīs immōta tenēbat

lūmina et obnīxus cūram sub corde premēbat.

Tandem pauca refert: ‘Ego tē, quae plūrima fandō

ēnumerāre valēs, numquam, rēgīna, negābō

prōmeritam, nec mē meminisse pigēbit Elissae 335

dum memor ipse meī, dum spīritus hōs regit artūs.

Prō rē pauca loquar. Neque ego hanc abscondere fūrtō

spērāvī (nē finge) fugam, nec coniugis umquam

praetendī taedās aut haec in foedera vēnī.

Mē sī Fāta meīs paterentur dūcere vītam 340

auspiciīs et sponte meā compōnere cūrās,

urbem Trōiānam prīmum dulcēsque meōrum

rēliquiās colerem, Priamī tēcta alta manērent,

et recidīva manū posuissem Pergama victīs.

Sed nunc Ītaliam magnam Grӯnēus Apollō, 345

Ītaliam Lyciae iussēre capessere sortēs;

hic amor, haec patria est. Sī tē Karthāginis arcēs

Phoenissam Libycaeque aspectus dētinet urbis,

quae tandem Ausoniā Teucrōs cōnsīdere terrā

invidia est? Et nōs fās extera quaerere rēgna. 350

Mē patris Anchīsae, quotiēns ūmentibus umbrīs

nox operit terrās, quotiēns astra ignea surgunt,

admonet in somnīs et turbida terret imāgō;

mē puer Ascanius capitisque iniūria cārī,

quem rēgnō Hesperiae fraudō et fātālibus arvīs. 355

Nunc etiam interpres dīvum Iove missus ab ipsō 

(testor utrumque caput) celerēs mandāta per aurās

dētulit: ipse deum manifestō in lūmine vīdī

intrantem mūrōs vōcemque hīs auribus hausī.

Dēsine mēque tuīs incendere tēque querēlīs; 360

Ītaliam nōn sponte sequor.’ 

Tālia dīcentem iamdūdum āversa tuētur

hūc illūc volvēns oculōs tōtumque pererrat

lūminibus tacitīs et sīc accēnsa profātur:

‘Nec tibi dīva parēns generis nec Dardanus auctor, 365

perfide, sed dūrīs genuit tē cautibus horrēns

Caucasus Hyrcānaeque admōrunt ūbera tigrēs.

Nam quid dissimulō aut quae mē ad maiōra reservō?

Num flētū ingemuit nostrō? Num lūmina flexit?

Num lacrimās victus dedit aut miserātus amantem est? 370

Quae quibus anteferam? Iam iam nec maxima Iūnō

nec Sāturnius haec oculīs pater aspicit aequīs.

Nusquam tūta fidēs. Ēiectum lītore, egentem

excēpī et rēgnī dēmēns in parte locāvī.

āmissam classem, sociōs ā morte redūxī 375

(Heu Furiīs incēnsa feror!): Nunc augur Apollō,

nunc Lyciae sortēs, nunc et Iove missus ab ipsō

interpres dīvum fert horrida iussa per aurās.

Scīlicet is superīs labor est, ea cūra quiētōs

sollicitat. Neque tē teneō neque dicta refellō: 380

ī, sequere Ītaliam ventīs, pete rēgna per undās.

Spērō equidem mediīs, sī quid pia nūmina possunt,

supplicia hausūrum scopulīs et nōmine Dīdō

saepe vocātūrum. Sequar ātrīs ignibus absēns

et, cum frīgida mors animā sēdūxerit artūs, 385

omnibus umbra locīs aderō. Dabis, improbe, poenās.

Audiam et haec Mānīs veniet mihi fāma sub īmōs.’

Hīs medium dictīs sermōnem abrumpit et aurās

aegra fugit sēque ex oculīs āvertit et aufert,

linquēns multa metū cūnctantem et multa parantem 390

dīcere. Suscipiunt famulae conlāpsaque membra

marmoreō referunt thalamō strātīsque repōnunt.

At pius Aenēās, quamquam lēnīre dolentem

sōlandō cupit et dictīs āvertere cūrās,

multa gemēns magnōque animum labefactus amōre 395

iussa tamen dīvum exsequitur classemque revīsit.

Vergil, Aeneid 4.584-629

Rēgīna ē speculīs ut prīmam albēscere lūcem 585

vīdit et aequātīs classem prōcēdere vēlīs,

lītoraque et vacuōs sēnsit sine rēmige portūs,

terque quaterque manū pectus percussa decōrum

flāventēsque abscissa comās ‘Prō Iuppiter! Ībit

hic,’ ait ‘et nostrīs inlūserit advena rēgnīs? 590

Nōn arma expedient tōtāque ex urbe sequentur,

dīripientque ratēs aliī nāvālibus? Īte,

ferte citī flammās, date tēla, impellite rēmōs!

Quid loquor? aut ubi sum? Quae mentem īnsānia mūtat?

Īnfēlīx Dīdō, nunc tē facta impia tangunt? 595

Tum decuit, cum scēptra dabās. Ēn dextra fidēsque,

quem sēcum patriōs aiunt portāre Penātēs,

quem subiisse umerīs cōnfectum aetāte parentem!

Nōn potuī abreptum dīvellere corpus et undīs

spargere? nōn sociōs, nōn ipsum absūmere ferrō 600

Ascanium patriīsque epulandum pōnere mēnsīs?

Vērum anceps pugnae fuerat fortūna. Fuisset:

quem metuī moritūra? Facēs in castra tulissem

implēssemque forōs flammīs nātumque patremque

cum genere exstīnxem, mēmet super ipsa dedissem. 605

Sōl, quī terrārum flammīs opera omnia lūstrās,

tūque hārum interpres cūrārum et cōnscia Iūnō,

nocturnīsque Hecatē triviīs ululāta per urbēs

et Dīrae ultrīcēs et dī morientis Elissae,

accipite haec, meritumque malīs advertite nūmen 610

et nostrās audīte precēs. Sī tangere portūs

īnfandum caput ac terrīs adnāre necesse est,

et sīc fāta Iovis poscunt, hic terminus haeret,

at bellō audācis populī vexātus et armīs,

fīnibus extorris, complexū āvulsus Iǖlī 615

auxilium implōret videatque indigna suōrum

fūnera; nec, cum sē sub lēgēs pācis inīquae

trādiderit, rēgnō aut optātā lūce fruātur,

sed cadat ante diem mediāque inhumātus harēnā.

Haec precor, hanc vōcem extrēmam cum sanguine fundō. 620

Tum vōs, ō Tyriī, stirpem et genus omne futūrum

exercēte odiīs, cinerīque haec mittite nostrō

mūnera. Nūllus amor populīs nec foedera suntō.

exoriāre aliquis nostrīs ex ossibus ultor

quī face Dardaniōs ferrōque sequāre colōnōs, 625

nunc, ōlim, quōcumque dabunt sē tempore vīrēs.

lītora lītoribus contrāria, flūctibus undās

imprecor, arma armīs: pugnent ipsīque nepōtēsque.

Sacchi Andrea 1599-1661: Didon abandonnée ou Didon sur le bûcher. Musée des beaux arts, Caen.

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