Answer Key for Lecsyony Tseinyabtyop (17)
Tarea Teiby xte Lecsyony Tseinyabtyop.
Part Teiby. Bcwa ni ca ni guet cuan Dizhsa.
a. Where are my shoes?
Cuan sabad xtena?
b. Where are you?
Cuanu?
c. Where is that book?
Cuan liebr re?
d. Where are the blankets?
Cuan ra dadich?
e. Where are they?
Cuanri?
f. Where is Silvia?
Cuan Lia Sily?
g. Where is the priest who speaks Zapotec well?
Cuan bxuaz ni rgwezac Dizhsa?
h. Where is she?
Cuanëng?
i. Where am I?
Cuana?
j. Where is the doctor?
Cuan doctor?
k. Where is the Presidente?
Cuan pristen?
Part Tyop. Now, make up answers to the questions you asked in Part Teiby. You can practice these new mini-dialogues with a friend.
a. Cuan sabad xtena?
Sabad xtenu nu re. “Your shoes are here.”
b. Cuanu?
Nua San Luc. “I am in San Lucas.”
c. Cuan liebr re?
Liebr re nu ricy. “That book is there.”
d. Cuan ra dadich?
Ra dadich nu re. “The blankets are there.”
e. Cuanri?
Nuri San Dyegw. “They are in San Diego.”
f. Cuan Lia Sily?
Lia Sily nu Bac. “Silvia is in Tlacolula.”
g. Cuan bxuaz ni rgwezac Dizhsa?
Bxuaz ni rgwezac Dizhsa nu Ydo Santony. “The priest who speaks Zapotec well is in San Antonio Church.”
h. Cuanëng?
Nuëng Ndua. “She is in Oaxaca.”
i. Cuana?
Nuu re. “You are here.”
j. Cuan doctor?
Doctor nu Xgyia. “The doctor is in Teotitlán del Valle.”
k. Cuan pristen?
Pristen nu yulai. “The Presidente is in the municipio.”
Tarea Tyop xte Lecsyony Tseinyabtyop. Bcwa ni ca ni guet cuan Dizhsa.
a. Whose dog is panting?
Tu xyecw cayual?
b. How many of them sang?
Balrëng bily?
c. How much tejate did she drink?
Xi zicydi cub gweëng?
d. How much meat will you grill?
Xi zicydi bel ycyiu?
e. Whose mother is happy?
Tu xnan rcyetlaz?
f. How many dishes did he wash?
Bal plad bdibyi?
g. How much of it got lost?
Xi zicydyi mnyity?
h. Whose cat is she petting?
Tu xyet caganëng?
i. How many dogs do you guys have?
Bal becw rapad?
j. Whose friend did you teach Zapotec to?
Tu xamiegw bseidyu Dizhsa?
Tarea Chon xte Lecsyony Tseinyabtyop. Make up new Zapotec sentences using familiar pronouns and the following Zapotec verbs, and then translate your sentences into English. Use the familiar pronouns as a male Zapotec speaker would, as described above, even if you’re female (just to practice the pattern). Remember to use different types of verbs: habitual, irrealis, perfective, and progressive!
a. rinylo
Nai binyloazh Lia Sily. “She (fam.) saw Silvia yesterday.”
b. rau
Rauwazh guet. “He (fam.) eats.”
c. raz
Gazrazh e? “Will they (fam.) take a bath?”
d. rbany
Na cabanyazh. “She (fam.) is waking up now.”
e. rbe fot
Tu liaz blerazh fot? “Whose house did they (fam.) take a photo of?”
f. rbi
Cali cwiazh? “Where will he (fam.) sit?”
g. rbuzh
Breizhazh naa. “She (fam.) called me.”
h. rnaz
Xi ni rnazrazh rata ra guet? “Why do they (fam.) grab all the tortillas?”
i. rcaz
Rcazazh teiby becw. “She (fam.) wants a dog.”
j. rni
Rniazh, “Riabzacazh naa.” “He (fam.) says, ‘I like her (fam.)”.
Tarea Tap xte Lecsyony Tseinyabtyop. Bcwa ni ca ni guet cuan Ingles.
a. Rata zhi ria Bac.
“I go to Tlacolula every day.”
b. Guc rierëb Califoryën?
“When do they (resp.) go to California?”
c. Gaty-gaty riu Meijy e?
“Do you go to Mexico often?”
d. Rcazi chiei Ndua.
“He wants to go to Oaxaca.”
e. San Dyegw ryoën.
“We go to San Diego.”
f. Na Jwany, “Gaty-gaty rierëng ydo.”
“Juan said, ‘They go to church often.'”
g. Edifisy re rieëb.
“She goes to that building.”
h. Cali rieyuad?
“Where do you (form.) go?”
i. Rierëm scwel e?
“Do they (an.) go to school?”
j. Na riead San Luc e?
“Do you guys go to San Lucas now?”
Tarea Gai xte Lecsyony Tseinyabtyop. Bcwa ni ca ni guet cuan Dizhsa.
a. They (prox.) want to go to Oaxaca City.
Rcazrëng chierëng Ndua.
b. I will go to school tomorrow.
Zhi chaa scwel.
c. Did you go to San Lucas?
Gweu San Luc e?
d. Where will she (dist.) go?
Cali chiei?
e. They (an.) are going to San Diego.
Chierëm San Dyegw.
f. Santiago said you (form. pl.) went to Los Angeles.
Na Dyau gweyuad Los Angl.
g. We often went to California with Jose.
Gaty-gaty byoneën Wse Califoryën. / Gaty-gaty byoën Califoryën cuan Wse.
h. When did you guys go to Tlacolula?
Guc gwead Bac?
i. Every day the doctor goes to that building.
Edifisy re ria doctor rata zhi.
j. Soledad went to the church with you.
Lia Da gwene liu ydo. / Lia Da gwe ydo cuan liu.
k. Where are you going?
Cali chiu?
l. I will always go to Oaxaca with you.
Syemr chinia liu Ndua. / Syemr chaa Ndua cuan liu.
Tarea Xop xte Lecsyony Tseinyabtyop.
Part Teiby. Bcwa ni ca ni guet cuan Ingles.
a. Gwaa gugyana becw.
“I went and fed the dog.”
b. Tu chidinal Chiecw?
“Who will Chico go and chase?” OR “Who will go and chase Chico?”
c. Gutopëng gyia.
“She went to gather flowers.”
d. Zhimy xtena gunaz Lia Da.
“Soledad went and grabbed my basket.”
e. Chiu chixyeilyu pwert e?
“Will you go and open the door?”
f. Byonabën ra pasaport.
“We went and requested the passports.”
Part Tyop. One sentence in Part Teiby has another meaning because of a reversible verb. Which sentence is it? Give its other meaning in English.
b. Tu chidinal Chiecw?
“Who will Chico go and chase?” OR “Who will go and chase Chico?”
Tarea Gaz xte Lecsyony Tseinyabtyop. Bcwa ni ca ni guet cuan Dizhsa.
a. I will go and bathe.
Chitaza. / Chaa chitaza.
b. Did Pedro go and ride that bull?
Gucweb Bed guan ren e? / Gwe Bed gucweb guan ren e?
c. My brother went and put on his pants.
Gundecy (betsa / bzyana) cason xtenëng. / Gwe (betsa / bzyana) gundecy cason xtenëng.
d. Who will go and put on this shirt?
Tu chitacw cotony re? / Tu chia chitacw cotony re?
e. We will go and wait for Santiago.
Chondezën Dyau. / Choën chondezën Dyau.
f. Why did you go and call Juana?
Xi ni guteizhu Lia Zhuan? / Xi ni gweu guteizhu Lia Zhuan?
g. The cow went and chewed on my petate!
Gutas guan da xtena! / Gwe guan gutas da xtena!
h. When will they go and cross the river?
Guc chiteidyrëng gueu? / Guc chierëng chiteidyrëng gueu?
i. He went and paid Elena.
Gutizhi Lia Len. / Gwei gutizhi Lia Len.
Tarea Xon xte Lecsyony Tseinyabtyop. Bcwa ni ca ni guet cuan Ingles.
a. Gutyzhyëm.
“It (an.) must have gotten killed.”
b. Wbanyzhyi betsa.
“My brother must have woken up.”
c. Rcazzhyu cart re.
“You must want this letter.”
d. Candyanzhyiyuad.
“You (pl. form.) must be getting hungry.”
e. Bluzhyi Bed cuan Nach muly ricy.
“Pedro and Ignacio must have put money there.”
f. Cadilyzhyirëng cuan meser.
“They must be fighting with the waiter.”
Tarea Ga xte Lecsyony Tseinyabtyop. Practice saying “must” in Zapotec in new sentences with –zhyi according to the following directions. Translate your sentences into English.
Part Teiby. Make up a sentence using –zhyi and…
a. a focused noun subject
Pristenzhyi rap teiby plum. “The presidente municipal must have a pen.”
b. the focused subject naa
Nazhya bzhunya. “I must have run.”
c. a focused object
Dizhsazhyi cagweëb. “She (resp.) must be speaking Zapotec.”
d. the focused subject laëng
Lazhyëng chieëng Califoryën. “He must be going to California.”
e. another focused free pronoun subject with an andative verb
Lazhyëm gutasëm ra gyia. “It (an.) must have chewed the flowers.”
Part Tyop. Then, change each of the sentences you wrote in Part Teiby so that the verb is the first word in the sentence. Make sure that –zhyi winds up in the right place, but remember that if the verb is first, nothing else can be focused, so the translations will change.
a. Pristenzhyi rap teiby plum. “The presidente municipal must have a pen.”
Rapzhyi pristen teiby plum. “The presidente municipal must have a pen.”
b. Nazhya bzhunya. “I must have run.”
Bzhunyzhya. “I must have run.”
c. Dizhsazhyi cagweëb. “She (resp.) must be speaking Zapotec.”
Cagwezhyëb Dizhsa. “She (resp.) must be speaking Zapotec.”
d. Lazhyëng chieëng Califoryën. “He must be going to California.”
Chiezhyëng Califoryën. “He must be going to California.”
e. Lazhyëm gutasëm ra gyia. “It (an.) must have chewed the flowers.”
Gutaszhyëm ra gyia. “It (an.) must have chewed the flowers.”
Tarea Tsë xte Lecsyony Tseinyabtyop.
Part Teiby. Bcwa ni ca ni guet cuan Dizhsa, using the new endings –ag and –i.
a. Catalina is reading that book.
Liebri cayual Lia Cat.
b. Did you go and buy this blanket?
Dadichag gusiu e?
c. That woman fell.
Mnai byiab.
d. We will go and gather those apples.
Ra mansani chotopën.
e. Will this horse get sold?
Cabaiag to e?
f. Señor Panfilo opened that door.
Pwerti bxyeily Tiu Pamyël.
g. That child played with Soledad.
Mninyi bzuatne Lia Da.
h. Play this clarinet!
Clarinetag Bcuzh!
i. Did they buy that tejate?
Cubi bzierëng e?
Part Tyop. Change each of the sentences in Part Teiby so that the “this” or “that” noun is not focused. Translate your new sentences.
a. Liebri cayual Lia Cat. “Catalina is reading that book.”
Cayual Lia Cat liebri. “Catalina is reading that book.”
b. Dadichag gusiu e? “Did you go and buy this blanket?”
Gusiu dadichag e? “Did you go and buy this blanket?”
c. Mnai byiab. “That woman fell.”
Byiab mnai. “That woman fell.”
d. Ra mansani chotopën. “We will go and gather those apples.“
Chotopën ra mansani. “We will go and gather those apples.”
e. Cabaiag to e? “Will this horse get sold?”
To cabaiag e? “Will this horse get sold?”
f. Pwerti bxyeily Tiu Pamyël. “Señor Panfilo opened that door.“
Bxyeily Tiu Pamyël pwerti.“Señor Panfilo opened that door.”
g. Mninyi bzuatne Lia Da. “That child played with Soledad.”
Bzuatne mninyi Lia Da. “That child played with Soledad.”
h. Clarinetag bcuzh! “Play this clarinet!”
Bcuzh clarinetag! “Play this clarinet!”
i. Cubi bzierëng e? “Did they buy that tejate?”
Bzierëng cubi e? “Did they buy that tejate?”
